2-1 Buydown Explained: How Seller Credits Can Lower Your First Two Years of Payments

Mortgage rates too high? See how a motivated seller could fund a 2-1 buydown, lower your first two years of payments, and help you compare monthly relief with a price reduction.

THE RATE UPDATE WITH DAN FRIO
A home and keys illustrating seller credits and home affordability
MOTIVATED SELLER • SELLER CREDITS • HOME AFFORDABILITY

High mortgage rates?
Lower your payment
for the first 2 years.

A seller-funded 2-1 buydown could give your budget breathing room.

EXPLORE YOUR HOME-BUYING OPTIONS →WATCH DAN EXPLAIN IT ↓

Dan Frio · NMLS #246527 · Illustrative rates, not a current rate offer.

01 • THE 2-1 BUYDOWN

5.5%. 6.5%. Then 7.5%.

$400,000 LOAN • 30-YEAR FIXED • 7.5% NOTE RATE
YEAR 15.5%Temporary payment basis$2,271/mo

2 percentage points below note rate

YEAR 26.5%Temporary payment basis$2,528/mo

1 percentage point below note rate

YEAR 3–307.5%Fixed note rate$2,797/mo

Full scheduled P&I payment

Monthly principal & interest only. Taxes, insurance, mortgage insurance, HOA dues and fees excluded. 5.5% and 6.5% are temporary payment-calculation rates, not note rates or APRs.

Plan for $2,797/month P&I in year three. Conventional fixed-rate qualification uses the full note-rate payment. Refinancing is not guaranteed.
YEAR 1 • MONTHLY RELIEF$526Versus full P&I
YEAR 2 • MONTHLY RELIEF$269Versus full P&I
24-MONTH TOTAL$9,531Funded upfront
WHAT YOU PAY

Your monthly P&I

Year 1
$2,271
Year 2
$2,528
Year 3+
$2,797
$0$2,797

Same loan. Your share of the payment increases.

HOW THE CREDIT IS USED

Two years of payment support

UPFRONT SUBSIDY$9,531
Year 1: $6,308Year 2: $3,223
02 • WATCH THE STRATEGY

Let’s walk through the numbers.

In the video, Dan walks through a $250,000 loan at 7.5%: about $329 a month less in year one and $168 less in year two, for a $5,957 buydown. The numbers on this page use a $400,000 loan.

03 • MOTIVATED SELLER

Ask for a credit. Compare the impact.

Illustration of seller credits helping a home purchase

AI-generated illustration.

EXAMPLE SELLER-FUNDED SUBSIDY
$9,531

Target the first 24 payments.

SELLERAgrees to credit
SUBSIDYFunded at closing
BUYERPays less initially

Subject to lender approval, program limits and a written agreement. Other closing costs require separate planning.

01Find the opportunity

Review days on market and price reductions with your Realtor.

02Price the strategy

Ask your lender for the exact subsidy and full housing payment.

03Negotiate the credit

Compare the seller’s offer with a price cut or closing-cost help.

CUMULATIVE BORROWER PAYMENT RELIEF

$9,531 across 24 months

$10k$5k$001224MONTHS$6,308$9,531

Reduced borrower P&I outlay versus full payments, funded by the subsidy. This is not guaranteed lifetime savings.

04 • SAME $9,531 SELLER CONCESSION

Temporary relief or a lower price?

2-1 buydown credit

$526/mo
Less P&I in year oneYEAR 2: $269/mo lessYEAR 3+: FULL PAYMENT

Loan stays at $400,000.

Equal price reduction

$67/mo
Less scheduled P&ICONTINUES WHILE LOAN IS KEPTSTART WITH LESS DEBT

Example loan: $390,469.

Price-cut case keeps the same dollar down payment and reduces the loan dollar for dollar. Same 7.5% note rate and 30-year term assumed. Not a lifetime-cost comparison; actual pricing and loan-to-value effects may differ.

Dan Frio: Pay less now with a 2-1 buydown
BUYING A HOME?

Stop guessing.
Build your buying plan.

Know your payment. Compare seller credits. Make an informed offer.

START WITH TRU FOUNDATIONS →

Bring your numbers to your mortgage advisor. Seller participation and loan approval are not guaranteed.

ABOUT DAN FRIO

Talk it through with Dan.

I’m Dan Frio, a mortgage advisor with PBT Bancorp and the host of The Rate Update on YouTube, where more than 40,000 subscribers follow my daily mortgage rate updates. I’ve been helping people buy and refinance homes for 38 years.

My team works differently from a single lender. You fill out one application with one credit pull, and we compare more than 30 mortgage lenders to find the program and price that fit you. I’ve been on air on NewsNation and quoted in Yahoo Finance and Homes.com on mortgage rates and the housing market.

READY TO RUN YOUR 2-1 NUMBERS?
05 • RUN YOUR NUMBERS

Your 2-1 buydown numbers.

Year 1 • 5.5% payment basis$2,271.16
Year 2 • 6.5% payment basis$2,528.27
Year 3+ • 7.5% note rate$2,796.86
Estimated upfront subsidy: $9,531.46

Example: $400,000 loan, 30-year fixed. Plug in your own loan amount and rate with our free calculator.

OPEN THE 2-1 BUYDOWN CALCULATOR →

P&I estimate only. Add taxes, insurance, mortgage insurance, HOA and fees. Actual lender calculations may differ.

Example assumptions, sources & important details

Illustration: $400,000, 30-year fixed, 7.5% note rate. Payments use unrounded amortization calculations; displayed totals are rounded. The note rate remains unchanged. A funded subsidy covers part of the scheduled payments during the first two years.

Subsidy = 12 × (full payment − year-one borrower payment) + 12 × (full payment − year-two borrower payment). Seller contributions are subject to program limits. Remaining funds after an early payoff are handled under the agreement and applicable rules; a cash refund is not assured.

  1. Fannie Mae: Temporary Interest Rate Buydowns
  2. Freddie Mac: Temporary Subsidy Buydown Plans

Sources reviewed October 20, 2026. Future refinancing requires new approval and may involve costs. Vimeo playback depends on video privacy settings and your publishing platform permitting embeds.

* Specific loan program availability and requirements may vary. Please get in touch with your mortgage advisor for more information.